diff --git a/src/Domain/CombatEngine.php b/src/Domain/CombatEngine.php
index edc23b2..cfcaeee 100644
--- a/src/Domain/CombatEngine.php
+++ b/src/Domain/CombatEngine.php
@@ -93,8 +93,25 @@ final class CombatEngine
             throw new CombatException('Matches require alpha and bravo teams.');
         }
 
+        $livingTeams = ['alpha' => false, 'bravo' => false];
+
+        foreach ($match->units as $unit) {
+            if (!$unit->isDefeated()) {
+                $livingTeams[$unit->teamId] = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!$livingTeams['alpha'] || !$livingTeams['bravo']) {
+            throw new CombatException('Cannot end turn while a team is eliminated.');
+        }
+
         $endingTeamId = $match->activeTeamId;
         $nextTeamId = $endingTeamId === 'alpha' ? 'bravo' : 'alpha';
+
+        if ($nextTeamId === 'alpha' && $match->round === PHP_INT_MAX) {
+            throw new CombatException('Match round limit reached.');
+        }
+
         $units = [];
 
         foreach ($match->units as $unit) {
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Domain/CombatEngineTest.php b/tests/Unit/Domain/CombatEngineTest.php
index 8c9b1aa..e2bcd63 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Domain/CombatEngineTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Domain/CombatEngineTest.php
@@ -564,14 +564,21 @@ final class CombatEngineTest extends TestCase
         (new CombatEngine())->endTurn($match);
     }
 
-    public function testEndTurnRejectsMatchesWithoutExactlyAlphaAndBravoTeams(): void
+    /**
+     * @param list<string> $teamIds
+     */
+    #[DataProvider('invalidEndTurnTeamProvider')]
+    public function testEndTurnRejectsMatchesWithoutExactlyAlphaAndBravoTeams(array $teamIds): void
     {
+        $units = [];
+
+        foreach ($teamIds as $index => $teamId) {
+            $units[] = $this->unit("{$teamId}-{$index}", $teamId, new Position($index, 0));
+        }
+
         $match = new MatchState(
             new Battlefield(8, 8),
-            [
-                $this->unit('alpha-1', 'alpha', new Position(0, 0)),
-                $this->unit('charlie-1', 'charlie', new Position(7, 7)),
-            ],
+            $units,
             'alpha',
         );
 
@@ -581,6 +588,109 @@ final class CombatEngineTest extends TestCase
         (new CombatEngine())->endTurn($match);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return iterable<string, array{list<string>}>
+     */
+    public static function invalidEndTurnTeamProvider(): iterable
+    {
+        yield 'only alpha' => [['alpha']];
+        yield 'alpha and charlie' => [['alpha', 'charlie']];
+        yield 'alpha, bravo, and charlie' => [['alpha', 'bravo', 'charlie']];
+    }
+
+    #[DataProvider('eliminatedEndTurnTeamProvider')]
+    public function testEndTurnRejectsEliminatedTeam(string $activeTeamId, string $eliminatedTeamId): void
+    {
+        $match = new MatchState(
+            new Battlefield(8, 8),
+            [
+                $this->unit(
+                    'alpha-1',
+                    'alpha',
+                    new Position(0, 0),
+                    health: $eliminatedTeamId === 'alpha' ? 0 : 10,
+                ),
+                $this->unit(
+                    'bravo-1',
+                    'bravo',
+                    new Position(7, 7),
+                    health: $eliminatedTeamId === 'bravo' ? 0 : 10,
+                ),
+            ],
+            $activeTeamId,
+        );
+
+        $this->expectException(CombatException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Cannot end turn while a team is eliminated.');
+
+        (new CombatEngine())->endTurn($match);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return iterable<string, array{string, string}>
+     */
+    public static function eliminatedEndTurnTeamProvider(): iterable
+    {
+        yield 'incoming team' => ['alpha', 'bravo'];
+        yield 'active team' => ['alpha', 'alpha'];
+    }
+
+    public function testEndTurnRejectsEliminatedTeamBeforeRoundLimit(): void
+    {
+        $match = new MatchState(
+            new Battlefield(8, 8),
+            [
+                $this->unit('alpha-1', 'alpha', new Position(0, 0), health: 0),
+                $this->unit('bravo-1', 'bravo', new Position(7, 7)),
+            ],
+            'bravo',
+            round: PHP_INT_MAX,
+        );
+
+        $this->expectException(CombatException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Cannot end turn while a team is eliminated.');
+
+        (new CombatEngine())->endTurn($match);
+    }
+
+    public function testEndTurnRejectsRoundIncrementBeyondIntegerLimit(): void
+    {
+        $match = new MatchState(
+            new Battlefield(8, 8),
+            [
+                $this->unit('alpha-1', 'alpha', new Position(0, 0)),
+                $this->unit('bravo-1', 'bravo', new Position(7, 7)),
+            ],
+            'bravo',
+            round: PHP_INT_MAX,
+        );
+
+        $this->expectException(CombatException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Match round limit reached.');
+
+        (new CombatEngine())->endTurn($match);
+    }
+
+    public function testEndTurnAllowsAlphaToPassAtIntegerRoundLimit(): void
+    {
+        $match = new MatchState(
+            new Battlefield(8, 8),
+            [
+                $this->unit('alpha-1', 'alpha', new Position(0, 0)),
+                $this->unit('bravo-1', 'bravo', new Position(7, 7), actionsRemaining: 0),
+            ],
+            'alpha',
+            round: PHP_INT_MAX,
+        );
+
+        $next = (new CombatEngine())->endTurn($match);
+
+        self::assertSame('bravo', $next->activeTeamId);
+        self::assertSame(PHP_INT_MAX, $next->round);
+        self::assertSame(2, $next->unit('bravo-1')->actionsRemaining);
+        self::assertSame(['alpha ended turn'], $next->actionLog);
+    }
+
     public function testEndTurnDoesNotRefreshDefeatedUnitsOnIncomingTeam(): void
     {
         $match = new MatchState(